Khorasaninejad, M. et al. Metalenses at visible wavelengths: diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging. Science 352, 1190–1194 (2016).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Scalable manufacturing of high-index atomic layer–polymer hybrid metasurfaces for metaphotonics in the visible. Nat. Mater. 22, 474–481 (2023).
Google Scholar
Choi, M. et al. Roll-to-plate printable RGB achromatic metalens for wide-field-of-view holographic near-eye displays. Nat. Mater. 24, 535–543 (2025).
Google Scholar
Moon, S., Kim, S., Kim, J., Lee, C.-K. & Rho, J. Single-layer waveguide displays using achromatic metagratings for full-colour augmented reality. Nat. Nanotechnol. 20, 747–754 (2025).
Google Scholar
Barulin, A. et al. Dual-wavelength metalens enables Epi-fluorescence detection from single molecules. Nat. Commun. 15, 26 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Dynamic hyperspectral holography enabled by inverse-designed metasurfaces with oblique helicoidal cholesterics. Adv. Mater. 36, 2311785 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Photonic encryption platform via dual-band vectorial metaholograms in the ultraviolet and visible. ACS Nano 16, 3546–3553 (2022).
Google Scholar
Kildishev, A. V., Boltasseva, A. & Shalaev, V. M. Planar photonics with metasurfaces. Science 339, 1232009 (2013).
Google Scholar
Badloe, T. et al. Liquid crystal-powered Mie resonators for electrically tunable photorealistic color gradients and dark blacks. Light Sci. Appl. 11, 118 (2022).
Google Scholar
Park, Y. et al. Tape-assisted residual layer-free one-step nanoimprinting of high-index hybrid polymer for optical loss-suppressed metasurfaces. Adv. Sci. 12, 2409371 (2025).
Google Scholar
Conteduca, D. et al. Dielectric nanohole array metasurface for high-resolution near-field sensing and imaging. Nat. Commun. 12, 3293 (2021).
Google Scholar
Barulin, A. et al. Axially multifocal metalens for 3D volumetric photoacoustic imaging of neuromelanin in live brain organoid. Sci. Adv. 11, eadr0654 (2025).
Google Scholar
Jo, Y. et al. Image scanning microscopy based on multifocal metalens for sub-diffraction-limited imaging of brain organoids. Light Sci. Appl. 14, 367 (2025).
Google Scholar
Javed, I. et al. MetaScope: metasurface based multimodal imaging system. Adv. Funct. Mater. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202524783 (2026).
Jo, Y. et al. Metalens for passive generation of a droplet Bessel beam. Microsyst. Nanoeng. 11, 224 (2025).
Google Scholar
Kim, S., Kim, J., Kim, K., Jeong, M. & Rho, J. Anti-aliased metasurfaces beyond the Nyquist limit. Nat. Commun. 16, 411 (2025).
Google Scholar
Liang, H. et al. Ultrahigh numerical aperture metalens at visible wavelengths. Nano Lett. 18, 4460–4466 (2018).
Google Scholar
Lin, R. J. et al. Achromatic metalens array for full-colour light-field imaging. Nat. Nanotechnol. 14, 227–231 (2019).
Google Scholar
Wang, S. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens in the visible. Nat. Nanotechnol. 13, 227–232 (2018).
Google Scholar
Chen, W. T. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens for focusing and imaging in the visible. Nat. Nanotechnol. 13, 220–226 (2018).
Google Scholar
Berto, P. et al. Tunable and free-form planar optics. Nat. Photon. 13, 649–656 (2019).
Google Scholar
Zhou, Y., Zheng, H., Kravchenko, I. I. & Valentine, J. Flat optics for image differentiation. Nat. Photon. 14, 316–323 (2020).
Google Scholar
Zhai, Y. et al. Scalable-manufactured randomized glass-polymer hybrid metamaterial for daytime radiative cooling. Science 355, 1062–1066 (2017).
Google Scholar
Vynck, K. et al. The visual appearances of disordered optical metasurfaces. Nat. Mater. 21, 1035–1041 (2022).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Large-area floating display with wafer-scale manufactured metalens Arrays. Laser Photonics Rev. 19, 2401425 (2025).
Google Scholar
Moon, S.-W. et al. Wafer-scale manufacturing of near-infrared metalenses. Laser Photonics Rev. 18, 2300929 (2024).
Google Scholar
Park, J.-S. et al. All-glass, large metalens at visible wavelength using deep-ultraviolet projection lithography. Nano Lett. 19, 8673–8682 (2019).
Google Scholar
Oh, D. K., Kang, H., Kang, D., Kim, J. & Rho, J. Nanoprinting metasurfaces with engineered optical materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-025-00874-3 (2026).
Google Scholar
Yoon, G., Kim, K., Huh, D., Lee, H. & Rho, J. Single-step manufacturing of hierarchical dielectric metalens in the visible. Nat. Commun. 11, 2268 (2020).
Google Scholar
Yoon, G. et al. Printable nanocomposite metalens for high-contrast near-infrared imaging. ACS Nano 15, 698–706 (2021).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. One-step printable platform for high-efficiency metasurfaces down to the deep-ultraviolet region. Light: Sci. Appl. 12, 68 (2023).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Metasurface holography reaching the highest efficiency limit in the visible via one-step nanoparticle-embedded-resin printing. Laser Photonics Rev. 16, 2200098 (2022).
Google Scholar
Jung, D. E. et al. Full wafer scale manufacturing of directly printed TiO2 metalenses at visible wavelengths with outstanding focusing efficiencies. Adv. Mater. 37, 2500327 (2025).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Amorphous to crystalline transition in nanoimprinted sol–gel titanium oxide metasurfaces. Adv. Mater. 36, 2405378 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. A water-soluble label for food products prevents packaging waste and counterfeiting. Nat. Food 5, 293–300 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. 8″ Wafer-scale, centimeter-sized, high-efficiency metalenses in the ultraviolet. Mater. Today 73, 9–15 (2024).
Google Scholar
Lin, K.-T. et al. Highly efficient flexible structured metasurface by roll-to-roll printing for diurnal radiative cooling. eLight 3, 22 (2023).
Google Scholar
Ahn, S. H. & Guo, L. J. Large-area roll-to-roll and roll-to-plate nanoimprint lithography: a step toward high-throughput application of continuous nanoimprinting. ACS Nano 3, 2304–2310 (2009).
Google Scholar
Ahn, S. H. & Guo, L. J. High-speed roll-to-roll nanoimprint lithography on flexible plastic substrates. Adv. Mater. 20, 2044–2049 (2008).
Google Scholar
Peng, Z. et al. Continuous roller nanoimprinting: next generation lithography. Nanoscale 15, 11403–11421 (2023).
Google Scholar
Huang, T.-C., Wu, J.-T., Yang, S.-Y., Huang, P.-H. & Chang, S.-H. Direct fabrication of microstructures on metal roller using stepped rotating lithography and electroless nickel plating. Microelectron. Eng. 86, 615–618 (2009).
Google Scholar
Hwang, E.-S. et al. Micro pattern roll mold for large area display by electroforming and wrapping method. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48, 050211 (2009).
Google Scholar
Maize, K., Mi, Y., Cakmak, M. & Shakouri, A. Real-time metrology for roll-to-roll and advanced inline manufacturing: a review. Adv. Mater. Technol. 8, 2200173 (2023).
Google Scholar
Poodt, P. et al. Spatial atomic layer deposition: a route towards further industrialization of atomic layer deposition. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 30, 010802 (2011).
Google Scholar
Dickey, E. & Barrow, W. A. High rate roll to roll atomic layer deposition, and its application to moisture barriers on polymer films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 30, 021502 (2012).
Google Scholar
Chao, C.-H. et al. Roll-to-roll atomic layer deposition of titania coating on polymeric separators for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 482, 228896 (2021).
Google Scholar
Source:
www.nature.com
